
Uploaded 06-11-10
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Confidentiality and Scare Tactics Used as a Management Tool?
Our
newest web site, the "Rock Art Coffee Shop", has become a very
successful way of exchanging information with other people who are also
interested in rock art, but may have limited access to resources or
contacts.
We have also
proven to be beneficial to members of rock art organizations who are
having to work under too many restrictions.
I
have been receiving inquiries from people asking whether it
is legal to exchange information on rock art sites.
I am guessing that the inquiries are in direct response to an
email or directive that was received during the first week of June 2010
by many people here in southern Nevada from a local organization.
People are concerned –
because they were told – that if they talk about “exchanging
information” with anyone, that Section 9 of ARPA (Archaeological
Resources Protection Act of 1979) is going to put them in conflict with
the law.
For a copy of ARPA, click here and
make an informed decision.
Unless you are under a
contractual situation, any person can disclose and/or exchange
information concerning “rock art” sites.
Section 9 has nothing to do with private individuals exchanging
information that was obtained by visiting a site, doing research, or most
importantly by talking to another person.
There is also no law that says a private citizen can't visit an
archaeological site as long as you are not trespassing, pot hunting,
taking or digging artifacts, committing an illegal act, or anything else
that a normal person would consider a really dumb thing to do.
Confidentiality is a good
thing and I don't deny that, but it can also be used as an easy way to
manage and/or intimidate.
Take for example when only the small inner core of an avocational rock
art group are the only ones who are allowed to see and know where the
"secret sites" are located.
Is this confidentiality, or simply a power thing?
Another example deals
with site stewardship.
The
site steward program is an excellent and a very needed program, but
where is the sense in having five site stewards all monitoring different
sites within a 1-mile radius where one person could do the job more
efficiently???
Is this an
example of "confidentiality", or having a lot of stewards to simply make
yourself look better, or again a power thing?
At this point, I'm not quite sure.
Leaders sometimes manage under the guise of confidentiality
because it is the easiest way out.
The way to educate the
public is not by keeping everything a “secret” but by allowing
controlled access to sites.
One of the reasons that I started the Rock Art Coffee Shop web site was
because I kept hearing complaints from people within organized groups
throughout Nevada that they were never allowed to visit or see sites
except what the leaders of the groups
allowed them to see.
You can call “keeping
everything secret” - even from your own people - anything you want, but
what it boils down to is you don’t or can’t trust your own people.
Lastly, I find it very
interesting that some of the people who may possibly want to exchange
information through our web sites have been informed that it is illegal,
but not one organization or leader of an organization has come forward
and told me, "Bob you need to stop doing this because it violates
Section (fill in the blank) ..."
This leads me to believe that it is nothing but a smoke screen
and group leaders hate losing control - because after all, control is
power.
An invitation: If any organization wants to meet with me and can show me, without their own bias, the ruling or law that states that two people cannot exchange information on rock art sites, then I will be more than happy to pull the entire "exchange of information" section of our web site immediately. If not, then I can only presume that my assumptions about what can and cannot be discussed and shared are correct. |
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It has been common knowledge for a long time that agencies, such as the BLM, NPS, and the US Forest Service, track certain web sites for a variety of reasons. Rock art-related web sites like ours are occasionally monitored or even placed on an "Inter-Agency Watch List". The reasons for monitoring a web site can be as simple as an agency looking for new rock art sites to add to their inventory, to tracking vandals or pot hunters in the hopes of catching them. |
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Photographs of Nevada's well-known
petroglyph sites, for example, those in Valley of Fire, Grapevine, and Red
Rock Canyon, have always been on informational web sites and in brochures.
The real problems began, according to some of the avocational
rock art groups, when web site owners starting placing photos of the
lesser-known rock art sites on the Internet for the - please excuse the
dirty words - "general public" to view.
Another problem arose when web sites (ours included) began
placing photographs of artifacts on the web and that apparently is a
huge red flag for governmental agencies and avocational rock art groups.
From what I have been told, if anyone puts a photo of an artifact
on the web, especially if their hand is in the photo, then the suspicion
is that they either took the artifact, might take the artifact, are
thinking about taking the artifact, or you - as the observer of the web
pages - will spend the next 47 years hunting the back roads of the
desert looking for that elusive scraper.
This is a slight exaggeration, but hopefully you get the point. |
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A
special note: Normally when
artifacts are photographed for our web site it is because they are an
integral part of the site that we are visiting and it gives us, and the
viewer, an idea of how the people lived in that area.
Most artifacts are photographed "in-situ", but there are
occasions when we observe artifacts laying on top of a rock where
someone else has placed them,
and in that case they are photographed
where we found them and are
left where we found them.
We do not touch or move them.
EVER. |
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To keep stirring the
pot: |
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Over the years I have ticked off a fair
amount of people, and in spite of what some people think, it's really
not done on purpose; it's just a knack that I have.
Groups that I have managed to alienate are the avocational rock
art groups, along with a few professional archaeologists. |
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With the advent of inexpensive handheld
GPS units and good mapping software, the backcountry became more
accessible than ever before to the everyday regular person.
This meant that some of the "secret inner circle, hush-hush
places" that were known to only a few privileged people within certain rock art groups
were starting to become known to people like you, me, and yes...
unfortunately some of the bad guys.
About this same time, the poop really hit the fan when someone
actually had the gall to put photos of some of these secret "hush-hush"
places on the Internet much to the dismay of the inner circles of the
"avocational rock art groups".
Please keep in mind that these were just photos and nothing more,
but boy did the rumors fly.
How could this outsider (me) let regular people (you and me) see
photographs of their "secret stuff".
The following statement is not an exaggeration: I received emails
from several people within the rock art communities telling me that
"regular people should never be shown what's out there, as they are
not qualified nor responsible enough to be trusted".
What a classic statement of self-centered arrogance, especially
since these were/are regular people who formed a group and now have
elevated themselves to a higher level.
And I am saddened to say their attitudes as a group have not
changed much over the years. |
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Also with greater and
easier accessibility to the backcountry came problems, and with problems
came my most favorite group of people, the "watchers of the land"
- and
with them came the land closures.
Of course the closures and restrictions
apply only to the general
public and not to the people who are causing the problems.
It's common for many of us to see ATV tracks going
around the closures, "but what the
heck, we are all going in the same direction and it's only ten miles..."
The only difference is they are driving it and the rest of
us are hiking it, sooo... I guess that I really don't understand what I'm
complaining about. |
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Pot Hunters and Other Bad Guys |
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I am not so naive that I don't realize
that there are "pot hunters" and vandals out there, and some of them,
along with responsible people, are
scoping out web pages dealing with rock art. The bad guys do the
same research that we, and the agencies, do in hopes of finding clues to
new rock art sites. One
thing that we hope for is that our web site, and other web sites like
ours, will spark enough interest amongst the responsible people and that by
having them in the field - either on their own, with an organized group,
or as a site steward - may help deter some of the "bad guys". |
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We firmly believe in "Preservation
through Education" |
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Our web site has grown tremendously over the years and will hopefully continue to grow. The niche that we fill is for researchers, universities, professional groups, and individuals. We are currently being used by teachers and students in several European countries as a research and teaching aid dealing with Native Americans in our region of the southwest. Probably one of the most important groups of people using our web site are several different groups of Native Americans and Canadians. Our beliefs are that by educating people to the historical significance of the rock art, people will be more inclined to respect, and preserve, the sites for the enjoyment of everyone for a long, long time. I was once told by a now-retired Nevada archaeologist that the best way to preserve what Nevada has to offer is to educate the public, not by keeping everything a secret. We have been fortunate enough to be able to provide a "mini" archive of rock art photos that is easily accessible to everyone, not just a select few. Even though our web site will continue to evolve over time, the one thing that will never change is our commitment to "visually exposing the general public to the Rock Art of Southern Nevada".
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